A facile method was developed to produce functionalized cellulose nanofiber in one step by ball milling. Through the synergism of mechanical and chemical actions, the produced cellulose nanofibers are c. 20 nm wide and several micrometers long, with surface properties tailored by choice of modifying reagent. Modified by succinic anhydride, cellulose nanofiber shows enhanced hydrophilicity and can be readily dispersed in water or DMSO, and gives zeta potential of -38.7 mV due to carboxyl group on the surface. Modified by dodecyl succinic anhydride, cellulose nanofiber has excellent dispersibility in o-xylene and good compatibility with polyethylene. The polyethylene-cellulose nanofiber composite presents overall enhancement of mechanical properties. This method opens a new way to production of functionalized cellulose nanofiber.

Nanoscale, 2016